Descent Into Savagery: Lord of The Flies

Descent into Savagery Lord of The Flies 11/15/2013 By: Em Boone. Grade 10 English The novel â€Å"Lord of The Flies† seems completely Innocent at first, but as you read on, you can tell that the isolated island is getting to them. The boys become violent and thirsty for human fear. They are questioned â€Å"Is the beast only within us? † I will describe their descent into savagery with a variety of extracts from the novel, trying to prove that the ‘best' is within us all. In the beginning the boys are very civilized and decide that since they are British hey must do things properly.Ralph was the one to blow the conch, so they all agree to vote him chief. â€Å"Let's vote – him with the shell. † (P. 21 . ) Jack the other candidate for chief looks shocked that for once In his life, he wasn't chosen first. Ralph noticing this announces that Jack is In charge of the choir and lets him chose their Island Job. Jack makes them hunters. Ralph In my opinion w as a good choice, he proves this later on by thinking thoroughly and keeping a sane civil mind. Ralphs first decision as chief Is for Jack, Simon and himself to do the ‘grown-up' hing and explore the Island.They want to make sure It Is an Island, and see If they're in fact the only human Inhabitants. When finished exploring, they are proven right. â€Å"There aren't any grown-ups. We shall have to look after ourselves. † (P. 31 . ) Ralph then creates his first rule: having ‘hands-up' Ilke at school during assemblies, then that person would be given the conch In order to speak. The hunter's fist opportunity to kill a pig Is during the exploring of the Island. Jack raises his knife Into the alr and freezes. He doesn't stab the pig because â€Å"of the normity of the knife descending and cutting Into llvlng flesh; because of the unbearable blood. (P. 29. ) In the beginning death was scary. This shows Jack not being able to bare the blood, which aggravates him more, because he wants to look superior and heuristic towards the others. The first moment the savage wlthln Is brought out Is when the child with the birthmark talks. â€Å"He says he saw a ‘beastie' the snake-thing and will It come back tonight? † (P. 34) the children are afraid of the night and the shadows. Their Imaglnatlve mlnas not only create a Tear Tor tnemselves, out Tor all 0T tnem; even hough the ‘bigguns' won't admit it, or believe that the fear is of themselves.Their next move is making a signal fire, which goes chaotic – they all become overly excited and end up burning down part of the forest along with burning the boy with the birthmark to death. When the fire burns out Jack realizes the mistake theyVe made and says â€Å"We've got to have rules and obey them. After all, we're not savages. We're English. † (P. 40) The boys become more tribal when Ralph and Jack buttheads about how Jack and his hunters haven't putting as much contribution as the others in building shelters. The madness came into his eyes again. ‘l thought I might kill. Ralph points out that he didn't and asks for his help and Jack Just declares â€Å"We want meat-! â€Å"(P. 47) This leads to a row between the two. In the end Ralph says â€Å"All I'm saying is we've worked dash hard. That's all. † (P. 47) Jack is beginning his inhumanity behavior and wants nothing to but hunt. This is when the real fun' begins; Jack brings out the real beast in himself by painting his face to hide from his self-consciousness and shame, he becomes an alter ego who lives off the fear of other living things. He wants power within the knife he possesses.His first act of being â€Å"an awesome stranger† (P. 58) is creating the war dance to slaughter a pig: â€Å"Kill the pig, cut her throat, spill her blood. † (P. 62) ironically, earlier he wanted rules he said â€Å"We're not savages. We're English. † (P. 40) Painting your face, and crea ting a killing dance is savage in my opinion. When a ship passes and everyone's home of rescue is crushed when they learn of Jack not caring that he let the fire out – I realized he didn't miss home like the others. This creates more tension between Ralph and Jack. fou said you'd keep the fire going and you let it out!

Is there a market for wool suits that are washable?

Washable wool suits with finest material and craftsmanship are very popular among men. Many Australian and Chinese companies are now introducing machine washable new blend of wool suits for increasing the sale of these suits among professionals. In 2005, a Chinese businessman and movie star in joint venture with Helain Group introduced washable wool blend suits with high quality, special performance and easy care. Helian group is China’s one the largest manufacturers and retailers of menswear. They have around more than 250 retail shops in all over China and production of 3 million per year (Yin introduces, 2005) These suits were made with special blended material to maintain their style and shape even after machine wash. Retailers have always been interested in buying and merchandising washable wool suits to enhance their sales and popularize their use among new generation. Washable wool suits are marketed in key regions of China and Australia and displayed at several trade shows and exhibitions in retail stores. Washable wool suits, which were introduced in China, were made with Australian Marino wool. As these suits were introduced it was expected that demand for Australian Marino wool will increase. These wool suits were specifically introduced for increased performance and new innovative styles (Yin introduces, 2005). In 2003, Australian company AWI and Berkeley were the first to develop the technology of these suits. Later these were introduced in China in order to increase demand for Australian wool. Currently China is the largest buyer of Australian wool. Washable wool suits are also becoming popular among other Asian countries. According to Furong, President of Heilan, introduction of machine washable wool blend suits has put Heilan group at edge of others and a major step in improving their market share.   In addition, he believes that the suits they produced were easy to care, easy washable, convenience and cost effective and has huge market potential in China (Yin introduces, 2005). The need for machine washed and dried suits was also felt among American and UK professionals. Men are usually looking for suits that can be machine washed, dried and can be worn without the needed of ironing. However, one problem they face is wrinkles that appear soon after machine wash ruining the expensive fine suit. The second thing of concern to men is the need of well creased and pressed suits during their jobs and business meetings. Young professionals are more interested in having such suits. For some people suits are not just for convenience but they are worn to increase your reputability and status while you work among the company of respectable people, as noticed by a fashion historian, Anne Hollander (Rohwedder, 2006). Many professionals prefer machine wash than going to dry cleaner because its easy, fast and cost effective for them. â€Å"Kenny Cook, a 37-year-old desk clerk for Royal Mail in London, plans to buy one of the new suits for a friend's wedding later this month. Mr. Cook says he eats lunch at his desk and often drops a piece of his sandwich on his suits. ‘I can't be bothered to go to the dry cleaners,’ says Mr. Cook. ‘But I've mastered a washing machine.’† (Rohwedder, 2006) According to a report the new machine washable and dryer-friendly wool suits are made with 45% wool, 52% polyester and 3% lycra. That prevents wool to become as a wet as in its original form. Sale of such suits is also going high in UK and USA. However, most men think that these suits are not very hot, scratchy or shiny (Rohwedder, 2006). US retailers like Nordstorn Inc think that wash and dry suits is a great innovation and needs more development. But Catherine Hayward who is director of fashion design at British magazine thought that there is no need to have machine washable suits as these are needed to work at reputable organizations not for gardening or meat market (Rohwedder, 2006). However, different people have different thinking and many have considered a need for machine washable suits. Sales in China, USA, UK, and even in other Asian countries is gradually increasing. Works Cited Australia : Yin introduces Heilan’s washable wool blend suits (2005) . Retrieved from World Wide Web: http://www.fibre2fashion.com/news/textile-news/newsdetails.aspx?news_id=10076   Beyond the Bale – Issue 16 – Wool Suits Chinese Buyers. Suitable Attire? Suit Goes in Washer, Dryer, But Traditionalists Recoil: ‘This is the Antichrist' (2006) Retrieved from http://online.wsj.com/article/SB114548666330130509.html?mod=todays_us_marketplace

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 7

Human Resource Management - Essay Example As such, job analysis can be termed to be a component of planning where jobs are studied and analyzed to know the requisite characteristics and nature of the job. With the help of this information, competent and suitable candidates can be employed on that particular job (Ostwald 2003). Jobs make positions, positions make occupations and occupations transform themselves into organizational structure. As such, job analysis is the building block of not only human resources function, but also organizational behavior, structure and planning (Fig.1). Planning, recruitment, training and appraisal- all other HRM activities directly stem out from job analysis. Job analysis is actually a comprehensive data collection technique where some data relates to the job specifications and other pertains to the individuals. Thus, number of employee, characteristics of employees, nature and mode of training and objective appraisal of employees can be done only on the basis of job analysis. Evaluation of job- with the help of job analysis, relative worth of jobs is ascertained which in turn helps in determining the base compensation and relevance of the job in the organization. This proves to be an important criterion of cost cutting and cost saving activity for a firm. Employee development- when both the specifications of job and the individuals handling the job are determined in advance, it becomes easier to benchmark the performance levels and analyze the gaps. Moreover, specific areas of gap can be figured out which can then be resolved by using employee counseling and training sessions. Safety measures- process of job analysis is applied in all kinds of jobs be it technical, clerical or managerial. Therefore, it extends a bit beneficial in technical jobs where use of tools, machinery and equipments can give rise to hazardous conditions and unhealthy workplace environment. Job analysis tries to do away with

Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 36

Business - Essay Example Such teams have members who are highly committed and work in a work environment that enhances collaboration and learning. Teams that lack these characteristics end up being ineffective for the organization. There are various behaviors that team members and leaders need to carry out in order to form an effective team. In an effective team leaders need have a future oriented approach and they need to have the ability to influence other team members towards the achievement of the team’s goals (Kuczma 11). Leaders need to promote anti-discriminatory behaviors and respect the importance of diversification within teams. The team members need to provide support to their leaders while accepting and respecting the differences between them and other team members. The members need to have a positive attitude towards work and develop strong bonds with other team members. According to TEAM model a new team is developed in a step by step model (Noyes 72). The model states that first a team meeting takes place and the members are informed about the purpose for which the team has been made. Next the team leader indulges in the work of identifying what roles are to be assigned and who will be responsible to carry out those roles. The team then starts performing and in its initial stages it may not perform effectively. Thus evaluation of the performance is carried out and issues are discussed and solutions are identified. This helps in developing the effectiveness of the team which ultimately results in attainment of organizational aims as well as objectives. Conflict is an issue that arises even between the most effective teams and it is the job of the members of the team and the leader to minimize those conflicts. In order to minimize conflicts the collaboration method should be used (Gido 380). While using this method, team members tend to identify a solution that benefits everyone within the team. The members need to face the conflict in

Altered and disordered physiology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Altered and disordered physiology - Essay Example If the secretion is not proper such as hyper secretion [increase in secretion], or hyposecretion [decrease in secretion] might resuly in growth disorders. The secretion is classified as hyper secretion and hypo secretion depending on the amount of hormones secreted. The results ends in affceting the growth. For example hyper secretion reults in gigantism in chidren, and acromegaly in adults. Hypo secretion of hormones happens in glands like piptutory gland , the disordered secretion results in dwarfism during childhood, and also reduses long bone growth. The disorder in pancreas leads to diabetes insipidus. Etc. Tradionally scientisits classified the endocrine disorders into hyper and hypo secretion according to the imbalance in hormones and glands secretion and disorders into primary and secondary disorders. The thyroid glands has the disorder of hyothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Similarly the insulin secretion resuots in primary and secondary diabets level. The primary hyperthyroiism results in a stage where excess of parathyroid But now a days with the advent of molecular biology the classifaction that was insisted based on hyper and hypo secretion of glands and hormones seem to be inappropriate as the scientists review the endocrine secretion in terms of the genes that is present in the cells. This method helps in the detailed analysis of the glands with the help of the characteisitcs of the particular gene. Molecular biologists discovered the mehanism of the chromosomes pairng and seperation that helped them in understaning what are the techniques that could be appointed to review the genes. To be more precise the invention of DNA helix, the gene expression was understood clearly and this included the protein synthesis also. So the molecular biology helps a lot in understanding the pattern of the secretion with the help of the DNA in the chromosomes. Wikiepedia [2006] says that â€Å"Molecular biology chiefly

Strategic HRM(Human Resource management) can be utilised as a Assignment

Strategic HRM(Human Resource management) can be utilised as a competitive advantage today - Assignment Example They must show how the role of HR can be maximized to make an organization successful. Strategic HRM is defined by its role in addressing two crucial needs in an organization- delivering strategic forecasts on the business by making it possible for the organization to source, evaluate and motivate employees in an increasingly dynamic business environment, and providing administrative services that are consistent, cost-effective and responsive to every department within the organization (Regis 2008, p.5). This depicts the evolution of the HR function where an employee has to go beyond the traditional job description. HRM should hence be involved in creation of business strategies because the function of employees is paramount within an organization; for this reason, HR professionals are referred to as strategic business partners. Strategic HRM is important since it facilitates reinforcement of an organizational culture, encourages commitment among employees and promotes a willingness among employees to act flexibly so as to bring about achievement of an organization’s goals that will in turn help it realize excellence. Alternatively, strategic HRM can be defined as all the activities that affect behavior of individuals within an organization, in their efforts to put together and implement its strategic needs. This entails creating a pattern within an organization, thus it is said to facilitate reinforcement of an organizational culture, where employees are informed and part of long-term strategic planning of attaining the organization’s goals and vision. The fundamental aim of strategic HRM is to create strategic capability in employees by ensuring they are skilled, committed and strongly motivated (Armstrong & Bacon 2003, pp.41-42). Strategic HRM is seen as being different across various organizations although certain themes stand out and these are summarized by the fact it imposes a cultural change defined by changes in attitudes, behaviours and values (Wright& McMahan 2011, p.94). Analysis of advantages realized by corporations that practice Strategic HRM for competitive advantage Gaining competitive advantage may either be by being a differentiator or a low-cost leader. It includes decisions, relationships, resources and capabilities that allow an organization to take advantage of opportunities in the market while avoiding threats to its desired position. A corporation that practices strategic HRM whether it is a low-cost leader or differentiator, is able to have continuous innovation, highly skilled and competent workforce making it possible to quickly and efficiently meet customer’s needs and preempt its customer’s moves. Breaking it down, two advantages that a corporation can attain as a result of instituting strategic HRM for competitive advantage include consolidating extensive technologies

Reading Log 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Reading Log 1 - Essay Example The child was raised in the family of her mother. The baby was taken home from the hospital to be cared for by her grandfather and aunts. No significant signs of abuse of the baby. However, the adult woman can vividly recall, in great detail the suffering and abuse that she suffered at the hands of the eldest sister of her mother who was assigned by the family to become the child's care taker. Sylvia recalls significant events of abuse that left her with a significant trauma both physically and emotionally. She has trust issues and finds it difficult to make friends as her aunt had raised her in a highly private and secretive atmosphere. No playmates or play dates were allowed. The child in essence was turned into a little adult who was oftentimes beaten up for acting like the child that she was either in public or private. Part of the abuse included locking her in the closet when she failed to clean up her room, dragging her out of the family home with her clothes being thrown out a s well once she failed to produce a passing mark in her school subjects, and threatening to kill the child when the child tried to fight off the physical abuse or tell other people about what was happening to her. Sylvia has carried this secret with her for the past 39 years and she has tried to overcome the nightmares of the trauma and abuse that she suffered by trying to lead a normal life. ... Sylvia due to the fact that she was but a helpless child when she was thrust into the abusive situation had no idea that she was in a destructive relationship with her caretaker. She thought of the physical abuse as part of the learning process of life. That she had to be hurt in order to learn how to do things properly. She equated the beatings with what she was told was her learning disability. That she was not capable of doing anything right the first time because she was a woman and therefore took longer to learn how to do things. This was a point of view that she carried with her for most of her life, up until the death of her abuser almost 10 years ago. Just like any abuser, her aunt relied on the fact that no adult would believe the stories that a 6 year old child would tell them about the beating that she was undergoing on a daily basis. She took pride in the fact that she could verbally threaten the child into keeping her secret in the guise of giving the child a life threat ening beating should the child attempt to tell anyone of the abuse. She preyed on the isolation of the child by threatening to throw her out of the house when the child felt like standing up for herself during certain physical abuse situations. It was only later on that Sylvia found out that her aunt was also the product of a physically abusive household. The aunt, who shall be hidden behind the name of Genie was raised as a helper in the household of her grandmother during World War 2. Her grandmother was also physically abusive and treated her grand daughter no better than she treated the maids. Genie was caught in a cycle of abuse and became an adult abuser because, from what I gleaned from the history of the family, she never managed to exact a type of

Taxation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Taxation - Research Paper Example Taper Relief: Land: non-business asset Qualifying holding periods: 7 whole years Chargeable gains before taper relief 74,286 Chargeable gains after taper relief @75% 55,714.5 Explanation In the above scenario, the acquisition date is assumed to be 1 November 1998. This entails that there could be no indexation allowance in this scenario because indexation allowance is deducted on gains obtained from disposal of assets that were acquired before April 1998. Because only three acres of land were sold for 80,000, the cost that is subtracted from the acquisition cost is the one that is deductible, as shown in the calculation. The retained or unsold part of the land has not been taken as allowable cost. Because the asset was acquired after 5 April 1998, therefore, it is subject to tamper relief. The qualifying holding period from 1 November 1998 to 14 December 2005 appear to be 7 years and 44 days, however it should only consider whole years, which in this case is 7 yeas. The land is assumed to be a non-business asset and thus the tamper relief is applied @ 75% which reduced the chargeable gains by 25%. D): Disposal Proceeds 6,300 Less: Costs 1,340 Gain before indexation 4,960 Chargeable Gains Nil Explanation Racehorse is a wasting chattel and therefore is always exempted from the calculation of capital gains tax. The gains obtained on a wasting chattel is never included in chargeable gians. No tamper relief has to be calculated because racehorse is already exempted from capital gains tax. E) Because the asset was purchased in May 1971 and held at 31 March 1982, the chargeable gains are to be calculated with the help of 'Rebasing rules': Rebased gain (new...Therefore, the qualifying period will be counted from 6 April 1998. This makes 7 years and 146 days or whole 7 years. It was a non-business asset, therefore the rate for taper relief has been applied at 75%. In the above scenario, the acquisition date is assumed to be 1 November 1998. This entails that there could be no indexation allowance in this scenario because indexation allowance is deducted on gains obtained from disposal of assets that were acquired before April 1998. Because only three acres of land were sold for 80,000, the cost that is subtracted from the acquisition cost is the one that is deductible, as shown in the calculation. The retained or unsold part of the land has not been taken as allowable cost. Because the asset was acquired after 5 April 1998, therefore, it is subject to tamper relief. The qualifying holding period from 1 November 1998 to 14 December 2005 appear to be 7 years and 44 days, however it should only consider whole years, which in this case is 7 yeas. *Indexation allowance for rebasing rules is always based higher of allowable costs before 31 March 1982 (i.e. acquisition cost in the above scenario) and the 31 March 1982 market value. Because of the fact that market value at 31 March 1982 is higher than that of the acquisition cost, 6500 has been taken to calculate indexation allowance. The oil painting was acquired in May 1971, there

The Rome Convention has followed the English notion of the proper law Essay

The Rome Convention has followed the English notion of the proper law of the contract very closely. Discuss with reference to case law and academic opinion - Essay Example ace has hitherto followed along the lines of English law on contract, notably on the issue of determination of the intention of the parties concerned. When commercial contracts are executed between two parties who belong to two different countries or where the contract is executed in one place and performance takes place in another, the parties sometimes specify clearly by which country’s law they choose to be governed in the event of any dispute arising out of the provisions of the contract. Article 3 of the Rome Convention become relevant when the parties concerned have specified their choice of law2 and any disputes in such cases are governed by the law of the country specified in the agreement. However, uncertainties arise only when no specific choice of law has been made in the contract between the two parties, or when there is a dispute between the parties as to which law they will agree to adopt for the resolution of the dispute and Article 4 becomes relevant in that case. According to the provisions of article 4, In making a determination about which country’s law is most connected, the characteristic performance will be the determining factor, which will depend upon the residence or office of the party responsible for administration of the contract.4 But this feature will not necessarily apply in all cases. The place of residence of the parties will not apply when from the circumstances of the case as a whole, the contract appears more closely connected with another country.† 4 The English law of contract has traditionally been governed by the free will theory of contract or consensus as idem, which was an expression of laissez faire philosophies, governed by the belief that parties have the ultimate freedom to contract and may draw up any terms that are acceptable to both of them, wherein the courts will not interfere with a free will agreement reached by the parties5. However, despite this subjective approach, the English Courts have

Explosion Essay Example for Free

Explosion Essay Topic Sentence Imo the Norwegian Ship should be blamed most for this incident, for being in too much of hurry, not following sea rules, and the stubbornness of the ship’s captain. EvidenceProof/Quote/Fact/Research| Explain the relevance of this evidence to your thesis statement. How does it support your overall argument? | SOURCE CITATION(Where did you get itfrom? )| Twice the captain of the ship of the Imo Avoided other vessels by passing there starboard side (wrong side). | The captain is already not following the rules of the sea, how do we know it was not completely the Norwegian ships fault. http://thecanadian encyclopedia. com/featured/the-Halifax-explosions | The Imo was 18 hours behind Schedule and Mont Blanc was aSitting duck outside, and Pilot Mont Blanc was astonished to see the Imo advancing at high speeds. | The ship was in a rush to get tothe destination and was speedingon purpose so it could arrive quickerbut the plan had backfired when they saw the other ship in the path they had been taking. | â€Å"Halifax Explosion1917. † Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica Online school edition. Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. , 2013. Web 1 Apr. 2013lt;http://school. eb. om/eb/Article-94438247gt;| There was a flurry of whistles Between the two ships the Norwegian ship did not changeDirection until final moments. | This caused the accident because if they weren’t going the wrong way and wrong speed we could have prevented this from happening And losing so many lives. | http://thecanadian encyclopedia. com/featured/the-Halifax-explosions| ARGUMENT # 2 Topic Sentence

Computer and its effects on human life

Computer and its effects on human life Introduction: When computers were first invented in the 1970s it had a big effect on peoples lives all around the world. Stop and imagine life without computers. Today living without a computer is almost impossible for most people in the world since they depend on it for their every day programs. People all around the world use the computer to connect with people thousands of miles away and computers has made the lives of todays growing society a lot easier. The amount of computer users has doubled in the past decade with more people trying to get their hands on a computer to make things easier for them. With a click of button and in a matter of seconds you can transfer information from one place to the other side of the world right from the comfort of your room. Computers are the most modern and most important machines in the 20th century. Although computers have influenced people in a good way but there is a bad side to it too. Computers have a negative effect on the environment, society and people. First of all computers contain hazardous elements like lead and mercury which is very toxic and can damage the environment. When computers are not disposed properly or if not recycled then it can ruin the environment with its harmful chemicals. Computers consume a lot of energy which can pollute the environment (atmosphere). Not only computers have a negative impact on the environment it also has a negative impact on humans too (as well). The computer can damage the human brain due to using the computer continuously and it can cause pain in the body like the hands, back legs etc. if not used properly and due to repetitive motion, computers make the society very inactive since people get addicted to it and using it too much leads them to miss out in their daily activities such as exercise. Short History: The personal computer was invented by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak which was called apple I computer in 1976. Since the 1970s computer designs and programs have changed a lot and new models and better designs were built in the coming years. Throughout the late 1970s and the early 1980s computers were developed for personal household use for personal productivity, programming and games. Some larger and expensive systems were for use in an office and small businesses. Later on business computers acquired graphics and sound system and home computers and game system users used the same processors and operating systems as office workers. After the apple I computer Steve Woniak and his friend Steve Jobs created the Apple II computer which was a complete computer. The Apple II computer had color graphics, a full QWERTY keyboard and internal slots for expansion. In the 1980s many other computers were built with improved models such as the TRS-80. Personal computers were not a threat to the environment in the 70s and 80s since only limited amount of them were produced. Computers were expensive back then that only rich individuals, some businesses, companies and corporations could afford them. As more companies came into the computer business competition between other companies caused most of the computer prices to go down. With computers cheaper people could not wait to get their hands on one of them. Later in the 1990s computers started to become a threat to the environment since there was a big demand for it and people were trying to get the brand new computer designs. In the 90s old computers were being thrown away without proper disposal and the toxic chemicals in the computers which were mostly lead and mercury harmed the environment including safe drinking waters. This is still continuing today with more and more computers are being trashed away with landfills of them all around the world. Subject description: Computer disposal has had a big impact on the environment and the society. 75% of obsolete computers are just lying around. A study by the National Safety Council has found that nearly 75% of computers purchased by corporations, companies and individuals are lying around in some attic, garage or store room. Those computers are being disposed but not recycled. Many people are not aware of the hazards of computer disposal in land fills. In the production of computers harmful chemicals are used such as lead and mercury. Materials like plastic are also used in the production of computers. Just like coal lead is also mined from the earth and for that habitats and trees has to be destroyed in order to dig the ground and mine lead. The result is deforestation and many animal habitats will be destroyed and companies would not bother to try to fix it back. Mercury is also consumed from the earth and is very hazardous. The plastics that are used in making computer monitors contain dangerous flame retardants that can be very toxic when released into the environment. When old computers are thrown away into landfills without proper disposal than the chemicals in the computers and the lead and mercury can enter the waters in the environment and make it very toxic, it does not only pollute water but also kills living creatures in the water. When determining the problem of pollution caused by computers and their production it is evident that all computer hardware is responsible for the problem and causes of pollution during production. Pieces of hardware such as keyboards, monitors, mice are all made out of plastic which is usually not recyclable. Other chemicals found in these tools are also harmful and can damage the environment. As the result of the assembly of the pieces inside the computer such as chips and wafers a lot of toxic materials are given off causing more harm to the environment. The creation of computers causes harm to the environment because old computers are often disposed only to be replaced by larger computers which consume more energy causing more pollution. As the demand for larger monitors and more memory chips grow due to the developments in media, the level of toxins and pollution will increase too and cause even more harm to the environment. These toxins and pollution is caused when more monitors and chips are being produced and manufactured. The average 24 kg desktop computer with a monitor requires at least 10 times its weight in fossil fuels and chemicals to manufacture. Researchers found that manufacturing one computer and 17- inch CRT monitor uses at least 240 kg of fossil fuels, 22 kg of chemicals and 1,500 kg of water which is a total of 1.8 tonnes of material. A variety of environmental impacts associated with computer production processes are huge amount of energy used in the production and operation of computers. Long-term health effects on workers, families and neighboring communities due to chemical exposure and emissions from production stages such as microchip fabrication. Health impacts due to exposure to hazardous materials contained in computer products, such as brominated flame retardants and lead. The main risk of exposure comes from computers that have been dumped in landfills or from environmentally unsafe recycling processes in developing countries. The process of safely getting rid of your old computer is recycling. Recycling of computer parts are done in systematic order by recyclers. After the extrusion of elements such as copper, tin, aluminum, and zinc, precious elements like gold and silver are also taken out of the computer parts. The remaining computer and electronic components are then shredded into small parts and is thrown away safely. Individual components such as glass from cathode ray tubes are sold to foundries to be used as flexing agents. The harmful gases generated through this process is mostly trapped and contained. Many manufacturers of computer parts also offer programs to buy obsolete computers for recycling. It is the safest way to always recycle your obsolete computer by giving it to a computer recycling program. This way these old computers are not left in land fills and will not harm or damage the environment. Future trends and Environmental/ social Impacts: Sales of personal computers have skyrocketed in the past two decades. The 300,000 computer sales in the U.S in the 1980s increased by 500% the next year and doubled again in the year after that. Today, despite the high-tech meltdown of the late 1990s, computer sales grow about 10 percent a year and more than 130 million computers are being sold each year around the world. By the end of 2002, one billion PCs had been sold worldwide. In 2001 125 million personal computers were shipped compared to 48,000 thousand in 1977. According to iSuppli the global personal computer shipments were 264 million units in 2007 which was 11.3 percent more than 2006. As of June 2008, the number of personal computers used worldwide hit the one billion mark while another billion is expected to be reached by 2014. About 180 million computers which are 16 percent of the existing installed base were expected to be replaced and 35 million obsolete computers to be dumped into landfills in 2008. Nearly 80% of the personal computers used today are mostly in developed countries with the U.S being one of them. With the computer sales increasing each year, the number of obsolete computers increase too, this causes more environmental damage. Most of the obsolete computers are dumped in landfills in developing countries and most of those computers come from developed countries. This increase of computers in landfills contributes to pollution in our environment and destroys habitats. The number of people worldwide owning a personal computer has been doubled since 2002 and that has a bad impact on humans. Most people try to make their job easier just by using a computer, thats a good thing but that also makes many individuals lazy. The continuous use of computers by individuals increases their chances of pain in the muscles and will have many pain problems in their adulthood. Most people are addicted to computers that they will likely miss their daily exercise and daily routines. As more new technologies are about to come in the near future, more and more computers will be replaced by them and therefore causing a massive destruction in the environment. Conclusion: Overall, a computer is one of the famous and great inventions in human history. This technology is likely to cause more harm to humans and the environment, it does not only make humans lazy but it also damages them mentally and physically. The way computers are being programmed to do a job, due to too much use of technology humans are being programmed as well without being aware of it. The harmful chemicals in the computers cause pollution in the environment and destroys it, third world countries are filled with trash that the western world has produced but can not keep them in their own country instead pays other poor countries to dispose it for them. There are positive impacts as well, such as saving time, increase in knowledge and multi tasking gets jobs done at once and make life easier. Living without a computer is nearly impossible for many people around the world. Today if the use of computers stopped than basically the earth stops. Almost everything today to communication to designing a new model of some sort is done by a computer. Life without a computer is nothing; people are too depended on them now, its time that they should start using their brains as well not just the computers and take action against unsafe disposals of obsolete computers.

Child Abuse and Neglect Essay -- Violence Against Children

â€Å"If she doesn’t acknowledge what happened then how can you trust that she is going to be different in the future† - Dr. Phil. I believe that means that if your mom abuses you or hurts you any type of away and says nothing of it than you never know if it might happen in the future. But forgiveness goes along way with you life in question. My career pathway is law enforcement. Sooner or later I will have to deal with cases like these. Child abuse cases is something really no law enforcement agent will want to deal with. Child abuse is physical, emotional, or sometimes god forbid sexual. No matter what field of law enforcement you can still run into a child abuse case. Form DEA, CPS, investigators and forensics and so on Child occurs because of a lot of reasons. There is anger issues, to have something to vent and take all your anger out on. Also an unwanted/mistake kid so to show the child they aren't wanted where they are at. To prove dominance, to show you are the ruler of them and their whole life. In law enforcement the steps to take in a possible child abuse case. First you observe the child and his environment. Look for visible injuries how he acts, body languages means a lot and speaks untold words. Then you take a report and gather up all you need to make a case. After you get all you need and it makes a good case you then send it over to CPS Physical abuse is causing any bodily harm that exceeds out side of the jurisdiction of legal punishment. Legal punishment includes grounding, whupping with a belt or hand that goes from the small of the back to the back if the thigh, but it doesn’t include whup with a extension cord or punching. Emotional abuse is purposely hurting a child that doesn’t have physical attacks.... ...ide.org/mental/child_abuse_physical_emotional_sexual_neglect.htm>. Karkola, Kari, Kauppi Marika, Leena Anne, Juhani Merikanto, and Tuija Vanamo. "Fatal child abuse: a study of 13 cases of continuous abuse.."http://web.b.ebscohost.com/. Mental Illness, 1 Oct 2012. Web. 12 Feb 2014. Kriel, Lomi. "One of Houston's worst child-abuse cases tough to unravel."  http://www.chron.com/. lomi.kriel@chron.com, 13 May 2012. Web. 12 Feb 2014. . Iannelli, M.D., Vincent. "Child Abuse - Child Abuse Cases and Stories."  http://pediatrics.about.com/. about.com, 07 Apr 2013. Web. 13 Feb 2014. . "Child Abuse."  kidshealth. Nemours, n.d. Web. 18 Feb 2014.

Husain Haddawy’s The Arabian Nights and Zora Neale Hurston’s Mules and

Husain Haddawy’s The Arabian Nights and Zora Neale Hurston’s Mules and Men - Revealing the Conflicts, Desires and Dreams of the Collector "For the translator, who stands astride two cultures, possesses two different sensibilities, and assumes a double identity" —Husain Haddawy Magic, love, sex, war, gods, spells. These are all common ingredients in the folktales of almost every culture. Many people say that folktales are windows to cultures. That might be so. Often readers do not realize, though, that folktales also reflect aspects of the collectors. Zora Neale Hurston’s Mules and Men and Husain Haddawy’s The Arabian Nights, in addition to offering insight into southern African-American culture and Arabic culture, reveal the collectors to the audience; the collectors’ desire to reconcile with their past, to be accepted by their reader as legitimate representatives of that culture whether by being an insider or both insider and outsider to the culture, and to be heroic cultural interpreters with the goal of educating and informing the reader. There are many reasons and motivations behind Hurston’s compilation of African-American folktales, but one that is often overlooked is her personal need to reconcile her intellectual, White, Barnard-educated life with her traditional roots in Eatonville, Florida. In her introduction Hurston writes: From the earliest rocking of my cradle, I had known about the capers Brer Rabbit is apt to cut and what the Squinch Owl says from the house top. But it was fitting me like a tight chemise. I couldn’t see it for wearing it. It was only when I was off in college, away from my native surroundings, that I could see myself like somebody else and stand off and look at my garment. Then ... ...nd the present culture of the audience, which they intended to reach. Haddawy and Hurston sought acceptance from the reader and thus emphasized the legitimacy of their works whether by establishing themselves as an insider or as both an insider and outsider to their respective cultures. Moreover, by proving the ‘superior’ authenticity of their works in comparison to previous works, they offer themselves as ‘heroes,’bringing forth insights of the culture of their youth to the reader. Indeed, The Arabian Nights and Mules and Men are not only collections of magical folktales: They reveal the inner conflicts, desires and dreams of the translator and collector themselves. Works Cited 1) Zora Neale Hurston, Mules and Men (New York: Harper Perennial, 1990). 2) Husain Haddawy, The Arabian Nights, trans. Husain Haddawy, ed. Muhsin Mahdi (New York: Norton, 1990).

The Immune System Essay -- essays research papers

The Immune System   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The immune system is a group of cells, molecules, and tissues that help defend the body against diseases and other harmful invaders. The immune system provides protection against a variety of potentially damaging substances that can invade the body. These substances include disease-causing organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. The body's ability to resist these invaders is called immunity. A key feature of the immune system is its ability to destroy foreign invaders while leaving the body's own healthy tissues alone. Sometimes, however, the immune system attacks and damages these healthy tissues. This reaction is called an autoimmune response or autoimmunity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The immune system is composed of many parts that work together to fight infections when pathogens or poisons invade the human body. Pathogens are disease-causing organisms such as bacteria and viruses. The immune system reacts to foreign substances through a series of steps know as the immune response. Any agent perceived as foreign by a body's immune system is called an antigen. Several types of cells may be involved in the immune response to antigens.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When an antigen enters the body, it may be partly neutralized by components of the innate immune system. It may be attacked by phagocytes or by performed antibodies that act together with the complement system. The human immune system cont...

History of Spice Notes

History Of Spice Egyptians used a lot of spices for cooking and stuffed mummies Burned cinnamon to hide stench First recorded spice Traded spice with India Spice trade silk road All roads go to fertile crescent Arabs created a monopoly on the spice trade moving toward Europe Arabs Kept Europeans in the dark about the source of spices brought from India Created secrets and Myths Might boil seeds so Europeans couldn’t grow it Crusaders brought back new spices when they returned from battle which increased demand in Europe and had also developed a taste for spice increasing demand Spice Obsessions Only attainable by ruling classEmblems of power, gifts of state, heirlooms, currency Pepper: worth its weight in gold, used as currency Plagued by counterfeiting Dried juniper berries (added to extend pepper) Spice Obsession Theories Theory 1: Used spice as preservative (pepper) Not much evidence (salt works fine, local spices, afford fresh meat) Theory 2: Medicine Theory 3: Medieval pa late was dull Theory 4: Trade Route Inflation Middle man increase prices along silk road End of Obsession (17th century) Figure out you could grow spice Markets were saturated Moderate use of spice New groups of flavoring: chili’s coffee tea sugar, chocolate Pepper- Piper nigrumMost important spice economically America is the worlds largest importer Woody, perennial (3 seasons or more), tropical climbing vine No synchrony Monsoon tropical forests of Malabar coats, SW India Heat: Alkaloid irritants: piperine Inner core Aroma: From essential oil Pericarp, outershell Green pepper: comes from unripe berries (least hot) Black pepper: fully grown and dried White pepper: removed skin (hottest) Cinnamon: Cinnamomum verum Small evergreen tree in laurel family (true Cinnamon Ceylon) Native to Sri Lanka light flavor, fine texture, little Coumarin 2 yr old branches cut and fermented for 24 hrs nner bark peeled and dried to form quills Cassia (fake) evergreen native to India, Indonesia an d Vietnam Closely related, mostly US Thicker bark, whole tree used Heavy flavor, coarse texture, high coumarin Coumarin: appetite suppressing Medical/ research: antioxidant, antimicrobial, type II diabetes Saffron: Crocus sativus Iran major exporter, very expensive Perennial bulb, 2 flowers per bulb, completely domesticated 3 stigmas, manual harvest Egypt: Cleopatra, healers Disappeared with Roman Empire but came back as plague remedy Afghanistan: poppy vs. Saffron Flowers Pollination: the transfer of pollen from anther to stigmaCross pollination: Chance (pollen in air or water), or animals Mutualism, coevolution (trick or reward animals to pollenate) Egyptians thought divine power, blue lotus Ancient Greece: floral wreaths Ancient Rome: Floralia festival Christian: flowers where â€Å"pure† no sex Theophrastus: date palms pollinated by hand, proved reproduction Fall of roman empire, fall of flower, (great suspicion) Gained popularity Europe 600 AD Posies thought to ward off plague Saint Thomas: plants have reproductive virtues Linnaeus: taxonomic system based on flowers Botanophilia Victorian Age: women grew flowersSexual repression, low tolerance of crime, and strong social ethic Grew orchids (â€Å"a massive man-made extinction event†) Epiphytic plant: plant grow on another plant (non-parasitic) Orchidmania Biggest flowering plant family, highly evolved (very guarded against self-pollination), native species on every continent Grow slowly (7 yrs to mature and flower), long lived Catasetum orchid inspired Darwins early book Ghost orchid Tulipmania Extreme heterozygote First cultivated around turkey then moved to Holland Tulip breaking potyvirus (suppressed anthocyanin) (weakened plant) Spread by peach/potato aphidMutability, novelty, favored by royalty, bubonic plague era, scarcity/ demand 1635 shift, traded in future promissory notes â€Å"Greater Fool Theory† (1637 crash) Smell 1 0f 50 human genes in the human genome are devoted to sme ll Olfaction: sense of smell, chemical molecules Olfactory tract transmits signals to limbic system To smell must have Volatile: must easily evaporate Water soluble Lipid soluble Essential oils is what makes plants smell (2nd ary plant metabolite) Isolation of Essential Oils: heat effects the smell Expression: simplest, squeezed out, citrusDistillation: most used, boil, collect steam, condense to oil Solvent extraction: delicate flowers, grind up, steep in chemicals, then evaporate Effleurage: oldest method, plant material in fat, dissolve out fat Synthetic molecule Scent and Memory Proustian Effect: smell linked to memories, takes you back Scent marketing Billboard smell: makes bold statement (popcorn) Thematic smell: compliments decor (Christmas smell) Ambient smell: cover foul odor Signature smell Sugar (refers to many groups of carbohydrates) Monosaccharides: simple sugars, cant be broken down Glucose: basic source of energy (produced photosynthesis)Disaccharides: 2 monosacc. Ar e joined together and H2O removed Glucose: can from starch (storage in plants) or glycogen (storage in animals) Honey was the first sweetener used by humans Sugarcane Native to S/SE Asia, cultivated in India Large tropical grass, stores sucrose in internodes Stems crushed, boil sap, separate sugar crystals US 150 lbs/ yr consumed Arab traders brought to Mediterranean, sugar reached Europe after crusades, Columbus to Dominican Republic Labor first from indigenous people and forced labor from Europe Solve labor shortage imported slave British dominant traders in slaves and sugarSeen as unskilled and replaceable Malnutrition and starvation Triangle trade Sugar, rum to Europe; guns, salt, iron to Africa; slaves to Caribbean Sugar, molasses to America; rum to Africa, slaves to Car. Why so brutal? Very profitable, high demand, triangle trade Occurred in isolation â€Å"unskilled labor† abolitionists end in 1834 Chocolate Cacao tree Theobroma cacao, native tropical S America, Grows tall, hot climate, lots of rain, understory tree (shaded, damp) Cauliflory: flowers from trunk or large branches Each flower potential fruit, insect that pollinates only in understory Olmec, Mayan, AztecProcess Fermentation: pulp liquefied, seeds briefly germinate (choc. Flavor) Drying: lose weight, outer shell loosens Roasting: refines flavor Winnowing: removes outer shell Cravings Caffeine and theobromine (humans not very sensitive to ) Cannabinoid mimics Phenethylamines: chemicals associated with love Serotonin Coffee Coffea, understory tree, tropical evergreen, produc berries 3 yrs old Coffee fruit (drupe) contains 2 coffee â€Å"bean†s Center of origin Ethiopia highlands Coffea Arabica: 1st cultivated, wimpy (lower caffeine and yield) Coffea canephora (robusta): 2x caffeine, greater yieldShade Grown (traditional) coffee Originally understory trees Diverse habitat Minimal need for pesticides and fertilizers Sun Grown Coffee Monoculture system produced by clear cutting for est Increased fertilizers; herbicides and insecticides Increased soil erosion Coffee berry borer, natural predator ants Tea Popularity: tea, coffee, beer Camellia sinensis, evergreen tree/shrub China tea, 1st discovered and cultivated, cool climate, lower yield, lighter flavor Assam Tea, tree, less resistant to cold, high yields, brisk flavor Center or origin: chinaOxidation=fermentation Startch to sugar, tannins released Polyphenols: Antioxidant properties Catechines: 25% Concentrated in fresh, unbroken, unfermented Tannins 50%: break leaves tannins released Types Tulsi tea: related to mint, not china tea Medical/religious, India Hinduism Black: withered, full fermentation, crushed, dries (usually assam tea) brick Oolong: btw withered, short fermentation, rolled or ball form Green Tea: little withering, dried, high polyphenols (china tea) White tea: young leaves, no oxidation, higher catechins, healthyiest *

Impact of Public Debt Burden on Economic Growth of Bangladesh Essay

Abstract Bangladesh is relying heavily on public debt to meet the budget deficit since its independence. In this paper, the objective is to find out whether the government of Bangladesh is excessively borrowing from the public sources and thus negatively affecting the economy of the country. For this purpose GDP growth rate (GDP), manufacturing sector growth rate (MANF), investment as percentage of GDP (INV) and Export as percentage of GDP (EXP) have been selected for judging the impact of public debt burden (DB) on these variables. The study period is 1980-81 to 2011-12. Augmented Dickey-Fuller test has been used to diagnose whether the time series data are non-stationary. Granger Causality test has been performed to identify whether DB can be used for prediction of GDP, MANF, INV and EXP, and vice-versa. Then on the basis of the result of Johansen co-integration test, Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model has been used to find out the long term association between each set of variables. But, the result shows that in Bangladesh, there is no long term statistically significant association of  DB with any of the above mentioned economic indicators. Thus, it can be said that public debt burden has no positive or negative impact on the economic growth of Bangladesh. Keywords: Public Debt Burden, Economic Growth, Domestic Debt, External Debt, Johansen Co-integration, Granger Causality JEL Classification Codes: C22, H68, R42, E62, O11 1. Introduction Bangladesh, a young country burdened with scant natural resources and a burgeoning population, has always depended on loans and grants to fulfill its ambitions and thus deficit budgets have become the norm. Budget deficits are financed by- printing money, foreign borrowings and domestic borrowings and running down foreign exchange reserves. According to the economists and researchers, Bangladesh is using all four options mentioned above and reliance of Bangladesh government on foreign and domestic loans is crowding out private investments and thus stifling the economic growth. Excessive dependency on public debt will not only hamper the current economic growth but also will affect the economy negatively in the long run, as the future generations have to bear the burden of large amount of debt servicing. This study is aimed at drawing empirical evidence, whether heavy reliance on public debt in yearly budgets is hampering the economic growth of the country. There is much debate on the issue whether public borrowing has a positive or negative relationship with the economic growth of a country. According to the followers of classical school of thoughts of economics, public debt slows down the economic growth of a country and public debt should be kept as minimum as possible. However, the Keynesian economists are extremely flexible about public borrowing. The paper is arranged as follows – the first section introduces the study; the second section describes the current scenario and trends of budget deficit and public debt burden of Bangladesh; the findings of the related literature are reviewed in the third section; the fourth and fifth sections concern the research objective, models specification, sample size and sources of data and definitions of the related variables; the estimations and interpretations of the analyses are presented in the sixth section and the final section consists of a summary and conclusion of the study. 2. Literature Review A large number of studies had been conducted to identify the impact of public debt burden on the economic growth of a country across the world. In Bangladesh a several number of research studies had been done on the sustainability of public debt burden and on the crowding out effect. However in Bangladesh very few studies have been done using the Vector Auto-regressive model, to identify the impact of public debt burden on the economic growth of the country. Fosu (1996) investigated the debt overhang hypothesis by studying 13 severely indebted countries- Zambia, Venezuela, Sierra Leone, Philippines, Peru, Morocco, Mexico, Kenya, Honduras, Egypt, Ivory Coast, Argentina and Algeria. The sample period was 1971 to 1991 and the author used OLS estimation method for panel data. The author found the negative and robust relationship between investment and external debt. Qureshi & Ali (2010) analyzed the impact of high public debt burden on the economy of Pakistan. The sample of the study was 1981 to 2008. From their study a vast negative impact of public debt on the economy of Pakistan had been found by the authors. Ahmed & Shakur( 2011) performed a research to highlight the problems created by the debt (external debt) to economic growth of Pakistan. They have used the unit root test and Johansen co-integration to analyze time series data from FY 1981 to FY 2008. The Granger Causality Vector Error Correction (GCVEC) method proved unidirectional relationship between external debt and growth rate of GDP per capita. Wijeweera, Dollery & Pathberya (2005), investigated the connections between external debt servicing and economic growth in Srilanka during 1952-2002 by using co-integration methodology for the long run error correction method for the short run.they find negative impact of debt servicing on the economic growth but insignificant. Theason is that the external indebtness is not too high in Srilanka. The result indicate that Srilanka does not have a debt overhang problem and further they conclude that there is no short run relationshi between debt servicing and GNP. Hyman (2007) conducted a study on the impact of high debt burden on the economic growth of six Carribean countries. He found that the high indebtness of these small Carribean countries is causing negative economic growth rate. Ogunmuyiwa (2011) examined whether external debt actually promotes economic growth in developing countries using Nigeria as a case study. Time series data from 1970-2007 were fitted into the regression equation using various  econometric techniques such as Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test, Granger causality test, Johansen co-integration test and Vector Error Correction Method (VECM). Empirical results reveal that causality does not exist between external debt and economic growth as causation between debt and growth was also found to be weak and insignificant in Nigeria. El-Mahdy & Torayeh (2 009) used data for the period 1981-2006 to find out the debt sustainability of Egypt and the results obtained from cointegration model revealed that the public domestic debt in Egypt has a robust negative impact on growth. The sustainability of debt was examined used some algebra methods. From a study of International Monetary Fund (2008), Bangladesh’s risk of debt distress is low based on external debt indicators. Bangladesh’s external debt burden indicators do not breach the relevant policy-dependent indicative thresholds under the baseline scenario and exhibit only a marginal breach under the stress tests. Debt burden indicators are significantly worse when domestic debt is included. Accordingly, this analysis reveals a more elevated risk of debt distress on public debt compared to results based solely on external debt. Staffs will monitor closely the evolution of domestic debt and the government’s ability to mobilize domestic resources. Majumder (2007) investigated the crowding-out effect of public borrowing on private investment in the Bangladesh context. An investment function with three independent variables, namely, public borrowing, GDP and interest rate has been estimated by analyzing the unit root test, co-integration test and the error correction model. The main findings of the study do not corroborate the crowding-out hypothesis in Bangladesh, rather, provide the evidence of crowding-in effect. Gunter & Rahman (2008) used the debt projection module, to project the evolution of Bangladesh’s public debt over a 15-year horizon (from fiscal year 2006 to fiscal year 2021) under three different macroeconomic scenarios and two different financing scenarios of an ambitious government-led investment strategy. The results of the debt scenario implied that increases in the debt levels for most of the projection period with levels high enough to have negative implications on investment and growth, the grant scenario implies a clearly limited increase in debt levels, with reduced debt levels at the end of the projection period similar to those under the baseline scenario. From the brief review in can be found that public debt burden has  a negative impact on the economic growth of a country, its impact on investment and other economic indicator varies depending on a country’s extent of indebtness. Situation of Public Debt Burden in Bangladesh Public debt is of two types- i) external debt and ii) domestic debt. The amounts of domestic debt are estimated by the Ministry of Finance of Bangladesh government. Figure 1: Budget Deficit, External Loan, Domestic Loan, and Net Loan from Banking and Non-banking Sector of Bangladesh from1993-2012 (amounts in ‘00 crore taka) Source: Bangladesh Economic Review 2005-06 and 2011-12 From the above graph it can be found that the budget deficit of Bangladesh government is increasing from year to year and it is showing a sharp increment in deficit from the fiscal year 2008-09 onwards. The domestic debt burden and govt.’s reliance on credit from banking channels are showing a sharp increase from the fiscal year 2009-10 onwards. However the dependence on external credit is showing a declining trend. Research objective and Sample The objective of this research is to observe the empirical relationship between public debt burden and economic growth of Bangladesh. For this purpose time series econometric tools have been used. Various variables that indicate debt burden parameter and growth condition have been taken in to consideration. The sample period of the study is 32 years, from 1980-81 to 2011-12. Data used in this study has been collected from secondary source. Data and Methodology * Nature of the Variables: In this study variables used are- Debt Burden (DB), where DB is stands for Debt Burden that is sum of Domestic Debt and foreign debt outstanding at the end of each period, calculated as percentage of GDP; Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rate; manufacturing production growth rate (Manf); total investment as percentage of GDP (Inv); and total  export as percentage of GDP (Exp). * Data Collection: Data series of these variables is collected from Bangladesh Economic Survey/ Review (various issues), Monthly Economic Trends (various issues) and Statistical Year Book of Bangladesh (various issues). * Method of Estimation: At first the stationary property of the univariate time series data has been examined. Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test has been used to test the unit roots of the concerned time series variables (Dickey and Fuller, 1979). The extended maintained regression used in the ADF test can be expressed in its most general form as: (1) Where, is the drift term, denotes the time trend, and is the largest lag length used. In this model, H0 =There is unit-root; & H1 = There is no unit-root. Then, the time series has been examined for co-integration. Co-integration analysis helps to identify long-run economic relationship between two variables. Granger and Newbold (1974) noted that, co-integration analysis is important because if two non-stationary variables are integrated, a Vector Autoregression (VAR) is misspesified due to the impact of a common trend. If co-integration can be identified between the variables then the model should include the residuals from the vectors (lagged one period) in the dynamic Vector Error Correcting Mechanism (VECM) system. If the variables are not co-integrated then Vector Autoregression (VAR) model is used. (2) The bivariate vector autoregressive model has two dependent variables y1,t and y2,t, where t = 1, †¦, T. The development of the series should be explained by the common past of these variables. That means, the explanatory variables in the simplest model are y1,t-1 and y2,t-1. The VAR (1) with lagged values for every variable is determined by: (3) y1,t= ∠11y1,t-1+∠12y2,t-1+ÃŽ µ1,t y2,t=∠21y1,t-1+∠22y2,t-1+ÃŽ µ2,1 In this model the assumptions about error terms are- * The expected residuals are zero, EÃŽ µi,t=0 with i=1, 2 * The error terms are not auto-correlated EÃŽ µi,t.ÃŽ µj,Ï„=0 with t≠ Ãâ€ž However, VAR-Models themselves do not allow us to make statements about causal relationships. This holds especially when VAR-Models are only approximately adjusted to an unknown time series process, while a causal interpretation requires an underlying economic model. However, VAR-Models allow interpretations about the dynamic relationship between the indicated variables. (4) The Johansen approach can be used to carry out Granger causality test as well. Granger (1969) developed a test approach to proof if a time series X contributes to the prediction of another series Y. Granger Causality is exists if the mean squared forecast error (MSE) by using the series X in the forecast model is smaller than without consideration of X: MSEYYt+hItÃŽ »2>ÃŽ »3>†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..>ÃŽ »k and r0 ranges from zero to k-1 depending upon the stage in the sequence. This is relevant test statistics for the null hypothesis r ≠¤ r0 against the alternative r ≠¥ r0 + 1. The second test statistic is the maximum Eigen value test known as ÃŽ »max(r0). This is closely related to the trace statistic, but arises from changing the alternative hypothesis from r ≠¥ r0 + 1 to r = r0 + 1. The idea is to improve the power of the test by limiting the alternative to a co-integration rank which is just by one more than the null hypothesis. The ÃŽ »max test statistic is: ÃŽ »max(r0) = -T in (1- ÃŽ »i) for i = r0 + 1 The null hypothesis is that there are r cointegrating vectors, against the alternative of r + 1 cointegrating vectors. Johansen and Juslius (1990) indicated that the trace test might lack power relative to the maximum Eigen value test. Based on the power of the test, the maximum Eigen value test statistic is often preferred. Estimation and Explanation To examine the impacts of public debt burden on the economic growth of Bangladesh for the time period of 1980-81 to 2011-12, the research results and their explanations are presented in this section.

Charlie Fish

The wife did nothing. I would say that he is the protagonist in the story, because he is doing nothing wrong, the only thing he does is to think evil thoughts. The protagonist is usually the â€Å"good† guy in the story and the main character. I wouldn't say he is good, because he have intentions to kill his wife, but in the end it ‘s her who is the antagonist and let him die. D: Typical for the crime genre is that there often is a crime or someone who breaks the law.For example the woman in the story is breaking the law by not helping her husband, and as it says on the last line â€Å"l fall to the floor. My wife Just sits there, watching. † The main character is often a police officer(the good guy) or a criminal(the bad gay), in our story you could say the main character is both. He's a bad guy inside, but â€Å"behave† on the outside. The tension also plays a major role and there is also often plot twist in the crime genre.In the story we as readers had an idea that he non will kill his wife, but in the end it is her who kills him, it's called a plot twist and the tension is built up. I think It's a good story, because the excitement Is built up and It does not end as expected. The author manages to build something up, although the story Is so short. Charlie Fish By Cannonaded â€Å"Death by Scrabble† by Charlie Fish is a story a husband and his wife. It's the hottest angry at his wife, so angry that he would beat his wife to death.He is Just waiting for he right time. The words they put down on the board, begins to happen in reality. When he puts the word â€Å"QUAKE† down, and she thereafter put â€Å"DEATH†, it all starts to shake and the man gets a piece stuck in his throat, which he had hidden in his intentions to kill his wife, but in the end it's her who is the antagonist and let him I think it's a good story, because the excitement is built up and it does not end as expected. The author manages to build something up, although the story is so short.

Research Paper on William Butler Yeats

The Irish Rebellion of 1641, his mother reading Irish folktales to him as a child, and William Blake’s use of fiction influenced William Butler Yeats to write â€Å"The Curse of the Fire and the Shadows†. Yeats is a huge part of 20th century English and Irish literature and one of the most important writers that started the â€Å"Irish Literary Revival† and was responsible for starting a his own literary club called â€Å"The Rhymers Club†. In addition to being a great poet Yeats was always prominent in writing short stories and plays. One of Yeats’ individual characteristics is his split sense of certain situations. He was very spiritual and yet managed to cling to a skeptical sense of artistic detachment. His beliefs were deeply torn between his interest in mysticism and the inner workings of the universe to his faith in god and his spiritual being. Yeats was a man deeply seeded in the people around him. This being a lot of the subjects in all of his writing, Yeats also wrote about love, the mind, spirituality, mysticism, fiction, reality, war, and even sometimes flirted with idea of fascism. Being born and raised in Ireland Yeats identified with the people and their struggles against England but he didn’t agree with their passiveness and throughout life he had attempted to improve the situation by political means. Although a lot of the conflict had been settled through war, like the Irish Rebellion of 1641. The Irish Rebellion was fought between the catholic Irish rebels and the English and Scottish Protestants that controlled the area. The conflict arose when some Irish Catholics attempted a coup to overthrow the English administration. Their goal was to force them to allow the Catholics their basic religious rights. Although their coup failed it was the spark that started the Irish Rebellion of 1641 also known as the Irish confederate wars. A war that lasted from 1641 to 1649 and was fought in Ireland itself. The Irish fought with only about 5,000 soldiers against England’s army of 19,000. Despite the obvious advantage the English held, the Irish had managed to kill some 3,000 English and Scottish soldiers in the first battle of the war. Although the mainly Puritan English parliament had used yellow journalism to deceive the people of England and said that hundreds of thousands were murdered by the Irish catholic scum. Though this was just a political tactic employed by parliament to steal power away from King Charles I and sully his reputation as the king of England. Parliament distrusted him so much that they feared he would use the Irish against the Puritans in the English Civil war that begun in 1642. In the midst of all the political scandal parliament had begun to recruit more soldiers for the war from both England and Scotland. Although it had already been too late because the Irish had already gained control of the area and formed their own provisional government in Kilkenny. At first Charles I had ordered James Butler who was the duke of Oromonde and lord lieutenant of Ireland to negotiate a treaty to end the war. Except that the parliament in London and the new parliament in Dublin had both refused the terms of this agreement. By 1645 Charles I had been captured by Cromwell. Also Ormonde was named the head of the confederacy that was the agreed upon union between the Royalists and the Puritans in Ireland. Although not everyone had agreed to be led by Ormonde. Murrough O'Brien of Inchiquin an Irish Protestant that had been posted in the town of Munster. Rather than just rejecting the new estabblishment he had burned Munster to the ground on orders from Parliament, earning him the nickname Murrough of the burnings. Murrough wasn't alone in the opposition of Ormonde, a lot of the people who refused the new leaders were Irish catholic rebels that did not like the idea of working together with their old enemies. The war had reached its climax when Colonel Michael Jones had attacked and removed Ormonde from his position at the battle of Rathmines on August 2, 1649. On August 13, 1649 Oliver Cromwell had set sail to decimate the remaining rebel stronghold. Scotland native Sir Fredrick Hamilton who was somewhat of a celebrity in Ireland and England was given land in Leitrim, northwest of Ireland in 1622. Over the next 20 years he had built his castle to 18,000 acres. Manorhamilton had constantly come under attack during the Irish rebellion of 1641 and the castles defenses had managed to survive the onslaught. In 1642 in retaliation for the O'Rourke clans cattle raids Hamilton had attacked the nearby buildings; even Sligo Abbey didn't survive the attack. After which Hamilton and his men had returned to manorhamilton although on the way it as said that Hamilton's men had become lost and were offered help from from a guide on a white horse and instead he led them off a cliff. This legend ended up being the subject for the short story â€Å"The Curse of the Fire and the Shadows† by William B. Yeats. The work of William Butler Yeats is a direct reflection of his life, his inspiration, and his families influence. Yeats was born in Dublin on June 13, 1865. His father, John Butler Yeats, was a barrister who came from a long lineage of land owners tracing all the way back to the 18th century. His mother, Susan Pollexfen had come from a fairly wealthy merchant family. His father was a supporter of nationalism and the nationalist movement in the country. Initially wanting to be lawyer, John Butler was studying law at the time of his marriage but abandoned the study and moved to England in 1876 when Yeats was only 2 so he could become a painter. Yeats was brought up in an extremely aristocratic family and this had a big impact on his life and his writing. Yeats’ childhood was marked by events like the momentum of nationalism and a lot of societies shift from Catholicism to Puritanism. His father also decided to renounce their family’s Christian faith and instead of reading and following rationalists like John Stuart; he read the works of William Blake and Walt Whitman. This was one of the first times Yeats had been exposed to English poetry as a child. On January 26 1876, William Yeats was sent to the Godolphin primary school where he studied for the next four years and unexpectedly performed poorly in both math and english. In 1880 due to financial problems, the family returned to Dublin and Yeats enrolled into Erasmus Smith High School. Then in 1883 he attended the Metropolitan School of Art. While attending college Yeats published his first two works that later appeared in the Dublin University Review. It was later in his college career that Yeats had made the decision to move on from his artistic career and further his abilities as an author. Since then he started writing poems on various themes and plays. His initial works were deeply influenced with the creations of great poet Percy B. Shelley, and later shifted towards pre-Raphaelite verse and Irish myth and traditions. In his maturing years, Yeats came to appreciate the writing of William Blake. A year later his family decided to make the move back to London. Yeats openly opposed the age of science and often concentrated more on the view astronomy. Yeats' interest in mysticism, spiritualism, astrology and occultism drew criticism from his colleagues who dismissed it as a lack of intellectuality. His first serious work, â€Å"The Isle of Statutes†, was a fantasy poem and was published in Dublin University Review. In 1886, he published a pamphlet Mosada: A Dramatic Poem followed by â€Å"The Wanderings of Orisin† and Other Poems, published in 1889. By 1890 Yeats was already an important part of the literary and artistic scenes in London. He even founded his own club called â€Å"The Rhymers Club†. Its members nicknamed â€Å"the tragic generation† included writers Lionel Johnson, Ernest Dawson, John Davidson, and Arthur Simmons. It was ar. Like every other English poet of the time Yeats had experienced unrequited love. Her name was Maud Gonne, she was a poet and strong feminist who like Yeats, was very involved with the ideal of nationalism. Yeats had proposed to her and was rejected because of his lack participation in nationalist activism. Yeats' obsession with Maud Gonne had almost been unnatural, Ross quotes from Yeats' memoirs â€Å"I had never thought to see in a living woman so great beauty. It belonged to famous pictures, to poetry, to some legendary past. A complexion like the blossom of apples, and yet face and body had the beauty of lineaments which Blake calls the highest beauty because it changes least from youth to age, and a stature so great that she seemed of a divine race† (3). Yeats was madly in love and extremely obsessed. He had believed in Blakes standards so strongly that they become his own and in his eyes Maud Gonne had met them all. For this reason she was the subject of his affection and his art and she knew this well. This being yet another reason she had denied Yeats' marriage proposals over and over again. She knew herself to be his muse and nothing more, she was his living inspiration. From 1902 to 1908 Yeats had become involved with the theater, as a result he had written less poetry during this time. During this period he also began to remake himself. This process would last for the next 37 years after which Yeats wrote â€Å"Myself I Must Remake†. A poem about his 37 year long experience of his own revival what it meant to him. In 1917 Yeats married Georgie Hyde-Lees and released The Swans at Coole, a collection of his poetry. Yeats and his wife had two children, Ann Butler Yeats and William Michael Yeats. As successful a poet and writer Yeats had become at this time he had yet to achieve any political success. Politics being an interest of his and combining his fame and artistic abilities as a writer together would have made him very popular with the public. Yet it wasn't until 1922 when the Irish Free State was established that he had been elected as a senator, and re-elected for a second term in 1925. Soon after he had been elected a debate arose on divorce that Yeats had viewed as a confrontation between Catholics and Puritans. When the catholics had flat out refused divorce all together and decided to outlaw divorce Yeats had released a series of speeches attacking the goverment and the clergy. Yeats stated that for Puritans marriage isn't a religious sacrement but the proof of the love a man and a woman have for eachother and that it would seem sacrilegious if the church were to force two people who hate eachother to live together. The debate has described as one of Yeats' greatest public moments and marked his movement from pluralism to direct religious confrontation. One of the most important writers to Yeats was a man named William Blake. Encouraged by his father Yeats had begun to read the works of Blake around age 15. In 1889, Yeats had studied and learned so much about Blake that he got together with his fathers friend and poet, Edwin Ellis in editing the 3 works of Blake, Poetic, Symbolic, and Critical. In the revised edition they had also included a 172 page memoir of Blake's life, an explanation of his symbolic system, and their interpretations of the poems. Ross also writes â€Å"Yeats recollects that early in their acquaintance Ellis handed him ‘a scrap of notepaper' on which he had written an interpretation of ‘To the Jews,' the preface to the second chapter of Jerusalem. The four quarters of London represented Blake's four great mythological personages, the Zoas, and also the four elements'†(3). Yeats believed that these lines were the key to understanding and interpreting Blake's philosophy and makes the connection between his system and that of Swedenborg or of Boehme. So it was with this proof that Yeats bad determined Ellis' interpretation was real and that was all they needed to begin their work on the prophetic works of Blake. Ross writes on the relationship between Yeats and William Blake â€Å"No writer meant more to Yeats, early, middle, and late. Blake provided Yeats with nothing less that a sacred literature in which he could renew himself and in relationship to which he could orient himself as a poet and thinker† (2). Yeats considered Blake to be the only protect he knew and in his opinion his writing grew more interesting and also more obscure with each passing year. Also there was no writer that Yeats quoted more, not even Percy Shelley. In addition, while criticizing a lecture by Yeats, Ross states â€Å"Yeats' devotion to Blake never waned, even as he shed other habiliments of the 1890's, including, to some extent, Shelley† (2). As this crucial an influence as Shelley is known to be this quote further cements the idea of how important Blake was to Yeats through his entire career, from beginning to end. Toward the end of Yeats life mainly after the Wall Street crash and the great depression had begun. Critics began to arise and ask questions about whether or not a democratic society could survive a great economic depression. It was during this time that Yeats had begun to associate with fascist ideals and even expressed admiration for Benito Mussolini. Yeats had begun to think that in the aftermath of the depression Europe would be reconstructed through totalitarian rule. Then in 1933 at the age of 68 Yeats had grown very sick and had to receive a Steinbach rejuvenation surgery a year later. Even after this he had continued writing and released four verse plays, a poetry book called A Full Moon in March, and the final revision of A Vision. His last poems were published after his death in 1939 but arrangements couldn't be made for his funeral until after World War II, at which point his body was taken to Sligo, where he was buried.

US History Since 1887 Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

US History Since 1887 - Movie Review Example The melancholy of that time in history is very well filmed by the director with the opening scenes showing ramshackle of houses and dust moving in circles all around. This scene portrays what deteriorated condition of the place was at that time. The story is about the struggles of Okies for bread and butter when their farms were closed by force by banks as the banks were financially collapsing. The movie revolves around the Joads family but the central character in my view in Tom Joad, who is released from prison only to find that his family no more live in their house by the farm. He soon finds them in a relatives place. The Joads are happy to have Tom back and they tell him about their plans to go to California, the land where they think they could find work and start living in a better condition. The Joads are shown to be in high spirits as they load all of their belongings in a truck that is to be driven by Tom. They all load in the truck, Ma Joad, Pa Joad, Grandpa Joad, Grandma Joad, Noah, Muley, Connie and Uncle John. There is no gender bias done by the director as he not only portrays the important role of Tom Joad in moving the family ahead after he returns from jail but the role of Ma Joad is no less emphasized. She is a strong woman from the very start of the movie to the very end of it, having a very deep love for his son Tom in jail; she is shown to have kept track of Tom all the while that he had been in jail. Although she was the one who did not want to go to California as her intuitions were telling her that something is wrong in going there, but her immense support for the family is depicted when she is shown to add a drug to rigid Pas coffee to get him into the truck. She has been shown to be the backbone of the family. As their loaded truck moves through the roads of America, the director has very amazingly depicted the landscape of that time, with houses that are dilapidated and all the farms and land is shown to

Online Shopping Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Online Shopping - Term Paper Example With the increased exchange of products via the internet, the economy has been able to gain tremendously. Secondly, online shopping requires the services of middle-businessmen who will transport the products to the buyers. The middlemen serve an important purpose of ensuring the products and services are availed at the most appropriate time. This creates job opportunities to the many people that are unemployed (Miller 121). With such a development, the new economy develops since there are some people that have a disposable amount of income which is spent in the economy. Therefore, it is evident that online shopping has developed the proceeds of the economy by creating job opportunities and enhancing the economy through constant exchange of products from the sellers to the buyers. Similarly, it has enabled constant flow of money in the economy since the quality of products is improved. The buyers and sellers are the first hand benefiters from online shopping. Online shopping connects buyers to sellers in a more elaborate and easy manner. First, buyers get to know the location of sellers and how they can be contacted. This eases the process of acquiring products and services. As such, the buyers will have an easy time in locating the sellers. Secondly, the buyers will not waste time looking for an appropriate supplier of the products that need (Rich 167). This is convenient to people that have a busy schedule. As such, they will spend limited time in contacting an appropriate seller of the products they need. Thirdly, buyers do not have to physically access the sellers’ shop for the products. They can make communications via the internet and provide all the information that is needed. This eases the... Online shopping has had an effect on traditional shopping in a number of aspects. First, online shopping has reduced the number of people that rely on traditional shopping. For instance, this has reduced the number of people that physically access shopping centers and the market to buy products and services. Secondly, online shopping has increased the number of people that use electronic cash transfers in buying products. This has affected traditional shopping since very few people carry hard cash. This has had negative effects on traditional shopping since impulse buying has been reduced. As such, people that do not use online selling tactics are disadvantaged. Thirdly, online shopping has changed the world in that people expect to be supplied with the products they have bought. Many people expect the products to be delivered at their homesteads and door steps after making a purchase. This affects traditional shopping negatively since it does not have such services.Though online sho pping has its favored advantages, it has a number of drawbacks. First, there are some products that are not sold online. This makes it hard for a seller to attract some customers online.

The role of the CLI in modern computing operating systems Essay

The role of the CLI in modern computing operating systems - Essay Example A CLI comes with a command line interpreter that interprets the command and implements it. The command line interpreter might be running in a text terminal or in a terminal emulator windows as a remote shell. Once the command finishes execution, the output of that command might be in the form of a text displayed on the interface itself (MSCOM, 2007). The concept of CLI emerged when teletypewriter machines used to connected to computers in 1950s, and gave results on the demand as compared to other technologies such as batch based punched card inputs used during those times. After the success of the initial CLIs, next came the CRT based terminals that had the capability of interacting faster, they could display more information, and the development kept on going. Currently, the personal computers of today have all three forms of processing, i.e. batch processing, GUI and CLI. CLIs are complex, and most non-computer people prefer not to use it. This is why, it is often assumed that CLIs have become extinct and they are no longer used. However, it is not the case as CLIs continue to grow alongside the GUIs provided by Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, Linux, etc. Several application also utilize the CLI and mix it with GUI to achieve better results. An example of such application software is MATLAB, and AutoCAD. Besides being embedded with different applications, all the operating systems implemented on the routers, switches, etc. for networking have CLI based operating systems. The application of CLI is when we have a large number of commands or queries available along with different options and we can give those commands faster than we can using a GUI. The command shells of various operating systems that come with Windows, Linux, Mac Os, etc. work on similar base. Some programming languages such as BASIC, Python, Forth, LISP, etc all provide a modified interactive version of command line interface. Another major application of CLI is its use in engineering and

Quantitative Research (Cluster and Regression Analysis) Essay

Quantitative Research (Cluster and Regression Analysis) - Essay Example In most of the marketing data sets like the one taken now for analysis none of these two conditions hold. Data were collected from the database provided by the chain store, the loyalty program of which were researched upon. In any supermarket store loyalty, the location of the store plays a major role as a determinant for the loyalty of the customer (Messinger & Narasimhan, 1997; Engel et al., 1995). In this study the location of the three stores chosen would definitely have affected the purchasing behavior of the customers. Hence the study becomes weak in its identification of the data source. Another weakness of the data has been observed in the varying proportion of the different categories of buying which will have an influence on the application of the cluster analysis technique. The study has not identified the total number of customers of the three stores and hence it would be difficult to comment on the randomness of the sample selected. A comparison of the total number of customers and the number constituting the sample size would have thrown some light on the comparability of the loyal customers between the customers who shopped generally during the period under study and the number of customers who opted to use the loyalty program. Basis for Collection of Information - Clustering Variables The collection of information and clustering considering the percentage of total share of wallet within product categories instead of taking into account the total purchases would have been a much better presentation of data under the research method of clustering analysis. The variables selected are far too general to form an opinion on the customer loyalty. The clustering lacks seriously because of the massiveness of data considered under the general clustering variables. For sure these clustering variables would have been subjected to behavioral benchmarking. It would be interesting to recall the behavioral factors like shopping frequency, tolerance of price increase etc. (Lacey, 2003) Validation of the Clusters The study has used the numerical taxonomy process to group the members into segments (Bunn, 1993; McKelvey, 1975; Punj and Stewart, 1983) However no clarity appears to be in sight in determining the range of potential market structures. Initially the number of groups ranged from two to eleven. Although the study has used the appropriate testing and analysis methods like scree testing, discriminant analysis and regression analysis to arrive at a particular number of groups as cluster groups, there is the lack of a scientific variation among the different groups evolved for study. There are possibilities that a slight change in the scaling would have vitiated the results especially in the middle range groups. This may be either due to problems of scaling as observed by Long (1997) or due to large volume of data analysed. According to Long (1997) "Scaling is a common cause of problems when numerical or interdependence methods are utilized, with the ratio between the largest standard deviation and the smallest standard deviation considered heuristically predictive of the likelihood and size of

Boston 2024 Olympic Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Boston 2024 Olympic - Research Paper Example The bidding process starts with the invitation phase where the IOC invites applications from interested National Olympic Committees (NOCs) to bid 10 years before the commencement of the Olympic Games. The election of the host city is done by the IOC members within the next two years. The host city thus has full seven years to prepare for staging the prestigious event. The bidding process for the 2024 Olympic Games is in process at the moment. Bids can be sent to the IOC between January 15, 2015 and September 15, 2015 (Swidey, 2015). The United States Olympic Committee (USOC) has selected Boston as the applicant city to host the 2024 Olympic Games. Boston was chosen ahead of Los Angeles,  San Francisco, and  Washington, DC  so far as the official bid for 2024 Olympics from United States is concerned. John Fish, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Suffolk Construction is the Chairman of the organizing team Boston 2024. The team boasts of many other experienced people from all walks of life including former Olympians. The final selection of the host city will be announced by the IOC in 2017. In the meantime, Boston will co-ordinate with USOC and collaborate with the local community to develop its bid and submit it to the IOC in December 2016. The necessary funds required for all this work will be privately funded. Boston will benefit in numerous ways if it hosts the 2024 Olympic Games. The city is scheduled to celebrate its 400th anniversary in 2030. The preparation and infrastructural development for the 2024 Olympics will play a pivotal role in achieving the city’s vision for the monumental year 2030 as well. The planning committee of the 2024 Boston Olympic Games has categorically stated that the event will be dedicated to future of the city (Kamp and Futterman, 2015). The Vision of Boston 2024 is to create a better future for all stakeholders. The Games will create a lot of jobs in Boston. Some of the jobs will be direct in nature. For example,

China (Economics) Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

China (Economics) - Annotated Bibliography Example According to this article, china joining the world trade organization was a significant boost of China’s economy. According to Zheng and Tong, the global economic slowdown poses a greater risk to China’s economy. It further notes that, despite the current global financial crisis, China’s economy still recorded 7.6 percent growth. China has achieved this through its effective use of information evolution, and the increased use of the same will enhance its global trading (Zheng and Tong, 2010). According to Nolan, the investors are deeply concern with slugging of China’s economy. He notes that this deceleration is pegged on global economic crisis and its sovereign debt crisis with Europe and United States economies (Nolan, 2001). However, the Chinese government is taking corrective measures towards these economic slowdowns. Lardy notes that, other global economic players influence China’s economy; therefore, its economic stability depends on the global security. Influx into this security would be a formidable challenge to China and other economies (Lardy, 2012). From this contribution, it is clear that the companies’ movement, industrial sector, trends, government policies, and micro and macroeconomic players influence the current China’s economy. Therefore, China’s economy is the influence by state and none state entities. Steinfeld notes that, despite China’s effort of expanding and restructuring its global and domestic economy, the China’s economy has not been a threat to the western nations (Steinfeld, 2010). Nonetheless, the China’s economy is threatened by global economic crisis and its sovereign debt crisis with Europe and United States economies. Despite, the increasing economic changes, especially to faster growing economies like China; it is advisable for such economies to identify all their current and future economic challenges and difficulties thereby addressing them with concerns to other global economic

Plz chose one Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Plz chose one - Essay Example Lee found it intriguing and began to find out the history and reality of fortune cookies in America. Fortune Cookies were perceived as originated in China and became a regular part of every Chinese restaurant in United States. Lee demonstrates an interesting resemblance between Chinese foods served in America and the America-born Chinese generation, and stated for both that: Lee found it interesting that her own mother, who spent quite a time in China, did not know much about fortune cookies and believed that it came from Hong Kong. From that point, Lee began to inquire that what the actual origin of fortune cookies is. On her quest, she met Misa Chang, who opened her restaurant in 70s. Misa was the first one to bring the idea of door delivery service in Chinese food line. Door delivery was in practice by some restaurants but Misa was the first one to think about delivering hot, spicy Chinese food on the doors. It was her idea of success but the innovation often outruns the innovator. The idea caught wind and soon other restaurant owners were offering home delivery. At this point of time, Misa thought about some innovative marketing technique that was actually a prototype of spamming. She thought about delivering mail advertisements to the people living in the area. She saw it as a perfectly legal thing as there was no concept of spamming in that era. However, just like the home delivery idea, her competitors also started to send flyers to the prospective buyers which at the end became messy for every one and legal complications were started. Lee described it as: Lee believed that fortune cookie was another â€Å"caught the wind† idea of a Chinese or Japanese to present as a dessert. The supporting fact was that the Chinese deserts are totally different from Americans as they don’t bake. Their desserts are usually constituted of beans, peanuts,